Showing posts with label suppressed memories. Show all posts
Showing posts with label suppressed memories. Show all posts

Monday, February 22, 2021

One Story of Untreated Mental Illness


       The long term outcome of poorly treated or untreated mental illness is often evidenced by increased family alienation,  ever emerging and more bizarre tales of tragedy and difficulties with personal relationships.  The story below is a case study in the outcome of untreated mental illness that likely has physical roots (metabolic issues) combined with a variety of emotional insults.

      Treva Thornberry had a convincing emotive manner in which she delivered her tales of woe and abuse that she said spanned decades.  The false claims repeatedly gained her charity, favor and support from social services, churches, well meaning families, schools, counselors, therapists and most of all the police in 5 different states over 15 years.  Her various stays repeatedly ended with betrayal and false allegations prior to her disappearance.  Her emotive (but fraudulent) presentations were so convincing that psychologists and psychiatrists now point to her case as an example of an extremely rare "factitious disorder" (Muchausen Syndrome).
      Her journey began in 1986 when at 17 years old she suddenly accused her father of repeatedly raping her at gunpoint.  After investigation the police cleared the father and family.  After expressing suicidal ideation she was sent to a state hospital where she was given Xanax & Trilafon and then sent to a foster home in Wichita Falls where she attended high school. In 1987 she was sent to a new foster home in Fort Worth, graduated high school and was released from juvenile care.  She lived briefly with a single mother and her three children.  She disappeared.
       In 1992 Treva emerged as "Kelli T. Thornberry Smitt" in Corvallis, Oregon. She claimed to be 16 and was taken in by kind families.  She told horrid stories of her father from Dallas who would force her into the car and assault her.  She was supported and aided but police were unable to verify her identity of the identity of her father.  She disappeared.  
       In 1993 Treva emerged again as  "Kelli T. Thornberry Smitt" who claimed to be 16 (now 23)  in Portland Oregon.  She told stories to those who took her in of being abused by her father, a Portland police officer.  The police were unable to locate the officer or verify details of her story.  She disappeared.
      In 1994 Treva emerged as "Cara Leanna Davis"claiming to be 16 (actually 24) in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho.  She claimed her abusive father had murdered her mother and was a satanic cult leader.  She was cared for by families and disappeared after 2 months.
     Later in 1994 Treva emerged as "Kara Williams" claiming to be 16 (actually 24).  She told police numerous claims of assault including a young staffer at a shelter.  She went to three different high schools and lived in numerous foster care homes at state expense.  When confronted by social services about her identity she confessed to nothing. Her protests were so adamant, and so tearful, that more than one person watching her came to the conclusion that she truly believed what she was saying.“ Kara was discharged from juvenile care. She disappeared.
     In 1996 Treva emerged as "Stephanie Danielle Lewis" claiming to be 16 (then actually 26). She found help by a religious underground to escape "satanist parents".  She was provided juvenile care services. After 18 days of investigation police determined her real identity. She was arrested for fraud and released. She disappeared. 
    In 1997 Treva emerged as "Brianna Stewart" who claimed to have lived near Mobile, Alabama with mother and Navajo step father who murdered her mother.   She was looking for real father and hitchhiked as a 13 year old to the area.  She was taken in by a family at a church she attended and enrolled in high school wanting to “have a normal life”.   Eventually she filed charges of rape against a security guard who was imprisoned and found guilty (later released and exonerated).  She also went on to accused her host family father spying on her with video cameras while undressing and sexually assaulting her.  After investigation police dismissed the charges.  She vehemently insisted she was telling the truth and taken in by mother of a police officer even after investigators could not corroborate claims. 
     In 2001 Treva still claiming to be "Brianna Stewart" went to trial charged with fraudulent collection of juvenile services (she was 32 at this time).  She fired her lawyers who sought to claim innocence with an insanity plea.  "Brianna" decided to represent herself.   The prosecutor confronted her with a number of matching methods.  Her hand writing matched that of the teenager Treva Thornberg. Brianna's dental exam matched the dental records of Treva Thornberry.  Photos of Treva were presented to jury by Treva's mother that showed unmistakable similarities (Treva paused in the courtroom when shown the pictures).  Finally Brianna accepted a DNA analysis which came back with an overwhelming positive match with the married couple from Electra Texas.  This couple gave birth and raised Treva Thornberry until her mental illness struck when she was 17 (read more about mental illness at "Elephant Illness").  "Brianna" in her defense submitted a report by a therapist that stated an opinion that "Brianna" was 20 years old.  The jury found her guilty of all 7 charges.  Treva Thornberry was sentenced to 3 years in prison.
      While being escorted after the trial Treva (who still called herself Brianna) said in a loud voice "I’m nineteen! I’m not guilty of anything except being a teenager!”  

      In 2003 Treva was released after serving 2 years and 3 months of the sentence. She appeared on an ABC news and stated: "I'm not Treva Thornberry," Stewart said. "I just want to reiterate that I am not, no matter how much that family wants to suddenly produce their family member, no matter what they do, what they say, I am not Treva Thornberry nor will I ever be Treva Thornberry. Because you can't make another person into somebody else. You just can't."

     In 2016 Treva emerged as "Brianna McKenzie" in Lacey, Washington.  She went to police and accused a man of attempting rape while working at a hotel.  Investigation revealed her true identity.  Investigators found inconsistencies when "Brianna" claimed  doubts about the identity of attacker.  The accused man named Canton claimed that a hotel maid attempted to steal his meth.  Canton was eventually released.  Brianna now claims her attacker had more hair.
    She and others like her are out there.  Some of the convincing accusers actually believe the delusions and fantasies they imagine.  Anyone, even the kind and well meaning, can become a victim of false accusations by the mentally ill.





Tuesday, January 14, 2020

The Therapy Jesus Used


     I often read the gospel scheduled by our church each day.  Some readings strike me as relevant and truthful in new ways as I grow, mature and change..  On September 3, 2019 the Gospel of Luke  Chapter 4 verses 31-37 was the Gospel reading.  I read the same story again on January 14, 2020 from Mark 1:21-28 and added some new insights as well.

    "Jesus went down to Capernaum, a town of Galilee.
     He taught them on the sabbath, and they were astonished at his teaching
     because he spoke with authority.
     In the synagogue there was a man with the spirit of an unclean demon, 
     and he cried out in a loud voice,
     "What have you to do with us, Jesus of Nazareth?
     Have you come to destroy us?
     I know who you are–the Holy One of God!"
     Jesus rebuked him and said, "Be quiet! Come out of him!"
     Then the demon threw the man down in front of them
     and came out of him without doing him any harm.
     They were all amazed and said to one another,
     "What is there about his word?
     For with authority and power he commands the unclean spirits,
     and they come out."
     And news of him spread everywhere in the surrounding region."

       This reading hit me in a new way at this time in my life.
      Jesus taught with confidence.  The ability to convey certainty was key to the spread of his teachings. He taught confidently even in his home region of Galilee. Real courage was needed to speak truth to friends and relatives.  So confidence is key.  What if there is confidence in the wrong methods?  Confidence alone is not enough.
     In this event depicted by two different gospel accounts Jesus frees a man from "demons" publicly in a church.  I am not a theologian or expert in ancient Hebrew, Aramaic or Greek terms so I use context available in the story.  What I do have is experience.  I have experienced a mentally ill person "helped"with memory based therapy who screamed out outlandish accusations to secular and church authorities in a very similar manner about me.  It was quite intimidating and resulted in immense disruption to my life, the loss of my professional position, my computer being frozen, my house being searched, my minor child being interrogated for hours in a counselor office and my adult children being questioned aggressively.   In the end they were unable to substantiate any of the accusations.  I was lucky as I have learned that thousands of innocent men like me are cornered into "pleas" or found guilty on the word of a person disconnected from reality, in psychosis and suffering from hallucinations (as my accuser was found to be).  I have since learned that many are in prison because someone screamed accusations and that was all that was needed.  I was lucky as I was able to get help to my accuser and return her to reality.  So this story has immense meaning for me.  I pondered if Jesus himself faced emotionally fueled and false accusations in that church.  So reading this captivated my attention.  How did Jesus handle this situation?
      The scripture depicts a person with "problems" yelling out at Jesus in the church.   The unstable person identifies Jesus by name and refers to himself as "us" rather than as the person speaking.  Possibly there is more wrong than any one malady (just as in the case of my mentally ill accuser).  Jesus is not his malady but he is the one being screamed at.   Jesus ends up facilitating his cure. What did Jesus do?  
      It is interesting what Jesus did NOT do.  Jesus could have talked and inquired about the details of the charges and topics of his rantings.  Jesus could have asked about when, how and by what mechanism the demon had taken control.  Jesus could have asked the person about the possibility of misguided parenting, neglect as a youth that made him vulnerable to mental illness or demonic activity.  Jesus could have suggested  he was abused "like so many others have been" and then got him to retell his tales that so many in psychosis generate.  Jesus could have referred the man to others in the community who specialized in handling crazy people to help them "remember" what caused them harm.  Jesus could have attempted to  offer him money to stop his rantings.  Some might think that Jesus appeared to have what seemed to be a lack of empathy and compassion because Jesus made no attempt to clarify his reasons for screaming at all.   Instead Jesus provided deliverance and then healing.
     The two things Jesus did prior to the deliverance and miraculous change it explicitly described.  Jesus commanded the screaming person to "be quiet".   Jesus did not seek to be entertained with lurid tales that detailed why he was screaming at him.   Jesus followed the command to be quiet with a rebuke.  It seems to me that the common response to demons screaming out false accusations is one that harms the innocent  (by minimizing their real experience), it harms the innocent who are falsely accused with public media attention that amplifies the screams and rewards the demon screams with large payouts.  It is hard to imagine anything doing more harm than our present reaction.
       Could it be that Jesus is driving out the "demons" in a false accuser?
      After the man is quieted Jesus "rebukes" and the "demon" is not specifically spoken of by Jesus.  Only after quiet and rebuke is the unnamed demon ordered to "come out" of the afflicted man. Does anyone reading this see the quieting and rebuking a sign of Jesus' anger,  guilt or ignorance of his past that could have made emotionally afflicted man this way?  If so they may have a wrong perspective.  Such a misunderstanding may be empowering the screaming of false accusations.
      The accuser fell to the ground as if humiliated.  The "unclean spirit" left and that crazy acting man acted different after he got up. 
      The news spread because what Jesus did worked.  It was not because Jesus provided a satisfactory or detailed explanation of why the man acted crazy.  Jesus spoke and acted with authority, rebuked, commanded and caused a crazy man to throw himself down in front of others.  That man became better because of the words Jesus used focused the man on ceasing his rant and then becoming different.  Jesus did not focus on what he was "screaming about" during or after the event.  Clearly the crazy acting person was a different man after he picked himself up.  You can tell by the fruit of this interaction.
     The kingdom of God spread like wildfire as a result.  Maybe others will be moved and changed by the power of his word and example.  I have seen it personally.  I can tell you this story is truly how Jesus works.
     This was so worth pondering.  
     If we are unstable and emotional and screaming in anger why not be quiet, accept rebuke and throw ourselves down in front of Jesus? Then why not get up a different person?

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Trauma and Profit

       Experts in psychology, psychiatry, legal and journalistic professions have
carefully researched memory based therapies and found them to create memories unsupported by the evidence.   Accusers often retract stories after the social circles that encouraged and supported the false memories dissipate.  In the early 2000's the courts realized that memory based therapies were creating a glut of wrongful convictions.  Legal reversals and settlements in favor of the falsely accused mounted.  Therapies based on eliciting tales of past horrid events subsided though are still used by the uninformed or ill informed.  In 2008 Dr. McHugh, a former Chair of Psychiatry at John Hopkins, predicted that a new wave of false diagnosis and therapies using the idea of "traumatization" and "victimhood" would emerge. Ten years later his dire predictions have been realized. History will repeat itself as innocent victims will be stripped of livelihoods, extorted for payouts and wrongly imprisoned based on events that never happened called pseudomemories.

Why Use Tragedy Producing Therapy?
        The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry published an article by numerous reputable psychiatrist in the US, Canada and England.   The article detailed how therapists surveyed in the United States and Canada hold incorrect views about memory and are as a result using dated therapies approaches that induce harmful outcomes.  A naive public, therapists and a highly influential but misguided entertainment media unknowingly perpetuate memory myths and the resulting damaging therapy.  Observation confirms that profit props up harmful memory based therapy and propagates poor outcomes.  How is this so?  
       Memory based therapies often use suggestion with vulnerable (often mentally ill)  clients. Thus this therapy does in fact generate memories of events that never happened.  There are numerous benefits to such pseudomemories for therapists.  Civil actions enrich the accuser for generating the false accusations.  The therapist now gets a richer serving a client able to afford more therapy. The therapist helps the client "dig up memories" of events that never happened.  The resulting emotional tumult extends the treatment and increases the total income for the therapist.   The profit motive props up those who practice what expert therapists know is  fraudulent mental health treatment.
        The client may have a variety of personal motives for the false memories that are written about and documented.   If the claims of abuse are "credible" and the presentation is convincing then there civil lawsuits that can win the client hundreds of thousands of dollars.  False memories implanted in children gain advantage in custody cases.  There is also the use of "victimhood" to garner sympathy and access to monetary assistance not otherwise available. You-Tube channels revealing "trauma" and websites seeking monetary support.  The client can directly profit monetarily by recounting false memories in a convincing fashion.   Sympathetic viewers moved emotionally by what seems to be sincere tales of horror unknowingly support the fraud.
         Lawyers on all sides experience additional opportunities for income.  Child custody disputes are common and lucrative.  Civil actions based on "repressed memories" from 10-70 years old can be the source of huge amounts of cash in civil settlements.  Institutions and wealthy families wanting to keep such talk suppressed fear such accusations and remain secluded.  Those falsely accused face the possibility of decades behind bars for false accusations so the stakes are high.   Lawyers on both sides of the contentious emotional controversies generated by poor therapies have clients willing to give up all assets to defend themselves.  The result is litigation that generates lucrative financial rewards all the lawyers involved.
        Expert witnesses that include forensic psychologists and medical doctors trained in "abuse" have a chance for bonus paydays.  It seems ludicrous but experts in trauma will use "poor memory" to substantiate the validity of claims.  The less accurate the details then the more traumatic the event.  A major defense of the accused historically is to cite the inconsistencies of recollections but with the new unproven science the inconsistent and inaccurate memory is now seen as proving the accuser correct.  Experts can then be called in to substantiate that "inconsistent and unreliable memory" validates the memory of trauma.  The innocent and accused then have little to no rational defense for an accuser believed because the story is errant and changing.  The innocent but falsely accused facing such "experts" must then hire "experts" who can help maintain that the accusations are based on truly errant memory.  More experts to sort out if the testimonies are reliable or relevant.  The high stakes and heightened emotions contribute to the increased income for experts who can bolster the accusers claims.
      "Child advocates" who work for institutions can justify a fully paid position that can protect the institution  with "safe policies" and determine when "accusations are credible" .  There are no policies that will ever stop false memories and the resulting false accusations but it does not matter.   This is a full time position.  The more accusations that require official action then the greater the impact and importance of the "child advocate".    So the advocate is enhanced by claiming as many false suspicions and false accusations as "credible" whether possible, impossible, true or not.  A lack of physical evidence assists in justifying a full-time staff person who benefits financially and professionally from more accusations whether true or false .
       "Child Protection Services" professionals experience growth and advancement when the load of cases they elect to take on increases.  Confirmation bias is known to be rampant as everyone in the system realizes they are needed more than ever if they confirm another accusation by every person with "memories" of  abuse. Child protection services have been known to be  directly corrupted by the money and as well as increasing departmental budgets and personal advancement in order to "protect innocent children".  Who would be against that?
      Detectives act quickly to become heroes and advance careers.  The greater the number of cases they present with convincing testimony the greater the need of their department.  The department is then given more resources and personnel to help more of those who "remember abuse".
      Prosecutors can benefit professionally in a number of ways.  Prosecutors know that highly emotional child abuse cases, even if the victim is an adult claiming to be a child,  quickly garner the sympathy of juries.  The convictions often need no expensive physical analysis of evidence (because they have none)  and are both cheap and fast.  This helps the "conviction rate" and shows the competence of the prosecutor as they are able to put more people in prison.  Their next reelection in assured with higher rates of cheaply obtained convictions and more declared criminals in jail (based on false memories).  Personal financial security, increased resources and professional resume building are the result of successful prosecution rates when emotionally charged cases needing little or no physical evidence are so easily and quickly convicted.
     "You Tube Counseling" sites have attractive, personable, vibrant emotive presentations describing repressed memories, trauma and dissociation with the associated ads, booklets and accounts available for subscription with special information.  They avoid the hundreds and hundreds of replicated studies debunking the errant memory myths but they will accept your views, clicks and money with bizarre tales of abuse that never happened. 
      Political influence can use traumatic false memories of abuse to destroy a candidate for any position.  Supreme court nominees can suddenly face scrutiny and false suspicions and hordes of angry partisans if someone can step up and generate an "memory" from 20, 30, 40 or 50 years ago.  Details of the candidates life (often quite public) can allow for creation of moments and locations of possible contact.   Students can get even with teachers using traumatic memories and false accusations that depicts the teacher as a sexual predator .  Priests can find themselves disowned, with no legal representation and tossed to the side after decades of service to their church based on an accusation that is unsupported by evidence, bizarre but still deemed "credible".   Accusations are an easy way to dispense with a person who you do not like for professional, personal or political reasons.  In the case of "childhood trauma" with the evidence bar so low for "credible accusations" unsubstantiated accusations can be very useful. 
       The financial and political pay offs of a system that encourages and protects false accusations are quite significant for clients using false accusations and the professionals who represent those clients.

Are there any Helpful Therapies?
         There are helpful therapies and approaches to mental  health that have clear evidence based outcomes which verify improvements in patients.  These improvements in treatments have accelerated immensely since the ground breaking book called The Broken Brain by Nancy Andreason who is Psychiatrist with both a Medical Doctorate and a Ph.D.
       Dr. Andreason points out that most of the psychological struggles people have are related to physiological issues affecting the brain that are untreated.  Hallucinations, delusions, mania and despondency can all be created with a variety of physiological problems.  She goes much further.  Dr. Andreason thinks that all of the mental health and psychological issues can be treated with somatic techniques that include medications and focus on physiological health.  Incredible results occur when a competent psychiatrist helps a patient or client regain occupational functioning, emotional stability and healthy family relationships.
       Somatic treatment need not be limited to medication.   A new breed of  counselors are now "naturopaths" and medical doctors who understand the metabolic impacts of nutrients.  Nutrients can also help those with psychological or mental health issues.  Abram Hoffer was a psychiatrist, and Medical Doctor with a Ph.D. who wrote, researched and practiced using a combination of somatic treatments and therapy to help those who were struggling with mental illness and psychological challenges.   His work was groundbreaking and he frequently was thwarted in his attempts to change the focus of his profession from psychotropic medication alone to therapy involving medication, nutritional supplements (such as niacin) and forward looking cognitive based therapy.
       Cognitive based therapy is the only therapy associated with positive outcomes despite the person who is using it and is recommended by those who carefully track outcomes.  In this form of therapy the client is challenged to think in new ways about what afflicts them.  It encourages more productive strategies to solving personal problems and  by adapting new strategies for making sound decisions, setting realistic personal goals and focusing on the present and the immediate future.  Cognitive based therapy has no need for recalling, imagining or creating trauma in order to "free" the client. A therapist that uses this approach exclusively will lose patients frequently because the patients implement to strategies, their lives improve and the client no longer needs "therapy".  Cognitive therapy fosters client indepence without blaming and repeated recollections of trauma.  The result are clients that move on and spend less on the therapist. 
          Unfortunately there is not much profit in a cure" that works and incredible profit for those who generate emotionally charged pseudomemories.  Our system is designed to reward false allegations of trauma.  This bodes ill for the future of our society.



Further Reading:

American Psychological Association. 2001. Understanding Child Sexual Abuse

Baker, Robert A. Hidden Memories: Voices and Visions From Within (Buffalo, N.Y. : Prometheus Books, 1992.).

Crews, Frederick. (1997). Memory Wars: Freud's Legacy in Dispute. New York Review of Books Reprint Edition.

Dawes,Robyn M. Everyday Irrationality : How Pseudo Scientists, Lunatics, and the Rest of Us Systematically Fail to Think Rationally (Westview Press, 2001).

Erwin, Edward. (1995). A Final Accounting: Philosophical and Empirical Issues in Freudian Psychology. MIT Press.

Gardner, Martin. (2006). "The Memory Wars."Skeptical Inquirer. Part 1 is in vol. 30 no. 1, parts 2 and 3 are in vol. 30 no. 2.

Goldstein. Eleanor C. (1992). Confabulations: Creating False Memories, Destroying Families. Sirs.

de Rivera, Joseph. "'Trauma searches' plant the seed of imagined misery," The Sacramento Bee, May 18, 1993.

Hallinan, Joseph T. "Money for repressed memories repressed," Sacramento Bee, Jan. 12, 1997, Forum.

Johnson, M.K. et al. "Source Monitoring,"Psychological Bulletin, 114, 3-28.

Johnston, Moira. Spectral Evidence: The Ramona Case: Incest, Memory, and Truth on Trial in Napa Valley (Westview Press, 1999).

Loftus, Elizabeth and Katherine Ketcham. The Myth of Repressed Memory (New York: St. Martin's, 1994).

Mullen Paul E. and Jillian Fleming. 1998. "Long-term Effects of Child Sexual Abuse"

Ofshe, Richard and Ethan Watters. Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria (New York: Scribner's, 1994).

Pendergrast, Mark. Victims of Memory : Sex Abuse Accusations and Shattered Lives 2nd ed. (Upper Access Book Publishers, 1996).

Schacter, Daniel L., editor, Memory Distortion: How Minds, Brains, and Societies Reconstruct the Past(Harvard University Press, 1997).

Schacter, Daniel L. Searching for Memory - the brain, the mind, and the past (New York: Basic Books, 1996).

Singer, Margaret Thaler and Janja Lalich. Crazy Therapies (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc., 1996). Review of "Crazy" Therapies

Tavris, Carol. "Hysteria and the incest-survivor machine," Sacramento Bee, Forum section, January 17, 1993.

Wakefield, Hollida and Ralph Underwager. Return of the Furies - An Investigation into Recovered Memory Therapy (Peru, Illinois: Open Court Publishing Co., 1994).

"Debunking Myths About Trauma and Memory," (2005). Richard J. McNally, Ph.D. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol 50, No 13, November.

My review of Crazy Therapies by Singer & Lalich

StopBadTherapy.com

Twelve Myths about False Memories

Mass Media Funk: Study shows the longer one is in RMT, the more disabled one becomes

Statements by Professional Organizations on recovered memory therapy

"Truth or invention: exploring the repressed memory syndrome" excerpt from The Myth of Repressed Memory by ElizabethLoftus and Katherine Ketcham

"Remembering Dangerously" by Elizabeth Loftus

False Memory Syndrome Foundation WWW Page

Recovered Memories or Modern Witch Hunt? by Douglas E. Hill

Recovered Memory Therapy and False Memory Syndrome by John Hochman, M.D.

"First of All, Do No Harm" A Recovered Memory Therapist Recants An Interview With Robin Newsome By Mark Pendergrast

Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance: repressed memory therapy page

"Recovered Memories of Abuse: Assessment, Therapy, Forensics," By Kenneth S. Pope, Ph.D., ABPP and Laura S. Brown, Ph.D., ABPP

"Recovered Memories of Sexual Abuse: Scientific Research & Scholarly Resources" By Jim Hopper, Ph.D.

Lisa Nasseff claims therapist Mark Schwartz brainwashed her A woman is suing a St. Louis therapist, claiming he hypnotized her into falsely believing she had been a part of a satanic cult, had multiple personalities, and had taken part in satanic rituals.

Back to Salem: Paul Shanley and the Return of "Recovered Memory" by Alexander Cockburn

Exonerating the Friedmans by Chris Mooney